The Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Psychiatric Nursing Practice: A Case Study of Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos State
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Background of the Study
Emotional intelligence (EI) plays a crucial role in healthcare, particularly in psychiatric nursing, where effective communication, empathy, and emotional regulation are essential for patient care (WHO, 2024). Psychiatric nurses frequently interact with patients experiencing mood disorders, schizophrenia, and personality disorders, requiring a high level of emotional intelligence to manage challenging behaviors and de-escalate crises (Ogunbiyi & Adeyemi, 2023).
Studies have shown that nurses with high emotional intelligence demonstrate better therapeutic relationships, improved patient outcomes, and lower burnout rates (Olawale et al., 2024). However, despite the increasing recognition of EI in mental health nursing, its role remains understudied in Nigeria. At Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), psychiatric nurses manage diverse patients, yet the extent to which EI influences their practice has not been fully explored.
This study aims to assess the impact of EI on psychiatric nursing at LASUTH, examining its effects on patient interactions, stress management, and overall job performance. Findings will provide insights into the need for EI training in psychiatric nursing education.
Statement of the Problem
Psychiatric nursing is an emotionally demanding profession, requiring nurses to navigate complex patient behaviors while maintaining professional composure (Bello et al., 2023). However, many psychiatric nurses in Nigeria experience high stress levels, emotional exhaustion, and difficulties in managing aggressive or non-compliant patients. Without strong emotional intelligence skills, nurses may struggle to provide optimal care, leading to patient dissatisfaction and increased workplace burnout (Adebayo & Eze, 2024).
Despite the critical role of EI in psychiatric nursing, there is a lack of empirical research assessing its impact on clinical practice in Nigerian hospitals. Additionally, existing nursing curricula do not emphasize EI development, leaving nurses without formal training in emotional regulation techniques. This study seeks to fill this gap by evaluating the relationship between EI and psychiatric nursing performance at LASUTH.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the impact of emotional intelligence on psychiatric nurses’ ability to manage patient interactions.
- To examine the relationship between EI and stress management among psychiatric nurses.
- To evaluate the role of EI in preventing burnout among psychiatric nurses at LASUTH.
Research Questions
- How does emotional intelligence affect psychiatric nurses' ability to manage patient interactions?
- What is the relationship between emotional intelligence and stress management in psychiatric nursing?
- How does EI influence burnout prevention among psychiatric nurses at LASUTH?
Research Hypotheses
- Emotional intelligence does not significantly improve psychiatric nurses’ ability to manage patient interactions.
- There is no significant relationship between EI and stress management in psychiatric nursing.
- Emotional intelligence does not significantly reduce burnout among psychiatric nurses at LASUTH.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on psychiatric nurses working at LASUTH, assessing their emotional intelligence and its impact on patient care. Limitations include self-reported EI assessments, variations in workplace experiences, and the potential influence of external factors on stress levels.
Definitions of Terms
- Emotional Intelligence (EI): The ability to recognize, understand, and manage one’s emotions while effectively responding to others’ emotions.
- Psychiatric Nursing: A specialized field of nursing focused on the care of patients with mental health disorders.
- Burnout: A state of physical and emotional exhaustion caused by prolonged stress and work-related challenges.
- Patient Interactions: The verbal and non-verbal communication between psychiatric nurses and their patients.
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